String:-

String is group of alphabets,digits and symobls. In C language, a string represented by char array.

e.g.  char S[20];

In this example S is a string of 20 characters but it can hold a string of only 19 characters, because the last character of a string is always NULL.

NULL :- It is a character used to repersent end of String. It has three repersentactions:

  1. NULL (need stdio.h)
  2. ’’
  3. 0 </code>

String example

Output with String:-

1. Using printf() function:

printf will display the entire String using %s

e.g.

char a[20] = "Vipin Yadav";

printf("The String is %s",a);
// The String is Vipin Yadav

printf("The String is %.4s",a);
// The String is Vipi ( Here .4 will allow us to print only 4 letter of string only)

printf("The String is %10.4s",a);
// The String is ------Vipi
// Here 10.4 mean print 10 letter but use 4 letter from string here it take 4 letter and 
// use 6 ' ' but i use '-' instead of ' ' to show you

2. Using puts() function:

Input with String:-

1. Using scanf() function:

scanf() with %s :- It can read one word of a string or a one word string.

e.g.
 char a[20];
 printf("Enter a string who contain lases then 20 words : ");
 scanf("%s",a);
 // NOTE : WE DO NOT USE '&' DURING A STRING INPUT.
 puts(a);

scanf() with %[^n] :- It can read a multi word string .

 char a[20];
 printf("Enter a string who contain lases then 20 words : ");
 scanf("%s",a);
 // NOTE : WE DO NOT USE '&' DURING A STRING INPUT.
 puts(a);

2. Using gets() function :-

gets() function can read multiple word once It work under stdio.h heder file

e.g.

 char a[20];
 printf("Enter a string who contain lases then 20 words : ");
 gets(a);
 puts(a);

In next post we will read about Inbuilt function and user-define of strings.